15-Day Python for Data Engineering Master Guide


For 4–10 Years Experienced Data Engineers


Objective

This guide is designed to:

  • Build strong Python fundamentals

  • Develop coding and logical thinking

  • Prepare for Data Engineering interviews

  • Help implement Python in real-time projects

  • Strengthen problem-solving ability

  • Build production-level coding mindset

Target Audience:

  • Data Engineers

  • ETL Developers

  • SQL Developers

  • Azure Data Engineers

  • PySpark Developers

Daily Time Commitment:

  • 3 Hours Per Day

  • 15 Days Total

Learning Strategy:

  • 20% Theory

  • 80% Hands-On Coding

Goal:

  • Think logically

  • Write clean Python code

  • Handle data processing problems

  • Build reusable utilities

  • Understand real-time engineering scenarios


Daily Learning Structure

Hour 1 – Learn Concepts

Focus on:

  • Understanding WHY concepts exist

  • Real-time use cases

  • Internal behavior

  • Best practices

Avoid:

  • Watching endless tutorials

  • Memorizing syntax blindly


Hour 2 – Coding Practice

Focus on:

  • Writing programs manually

  • Solving logical problems

  • Building reusable functions

  • Practicing multiple approaches


Hour 3 – Real-Time Scenarios

Focus on:

  • File processing

  • Data transformations

  • Error handling

  • API simulations

  • ETL-style coding

  • Optimization


SECTION 1 – PYTHON FUNDAMENTALS

Topics:

  • Variables

  • Data Types

  • Input/Output

  • Operators

  • Type Casting

  • Comments


VARIABLES

Purpose:
Store data in memory.

Examples:

  • Employee Name

  • Salary

  • Transaction Amount

  • File Path

Practice:

  • Store user details

  • Store configuration values

  • Store dynamic calculations


DATA TYPES

Topics:

  • int

  • float

  • str

  • bool

  • None

Real-Time Usage:

  • Transaction amounts

  • Employee IDs

  • Flags

  • Status tracking

Practice:

  • Check data types

  • Convert data types

  • Handle invalid conversions


TYPE CASTING

Topics:

  • int()

  • float()

  • str()

  • bool()

Practice:

  • Convert CSV values

  • Convert API response values

  • Handle NULL values


OPERATORS

Topics:

  • Arithmetic

  • Comparison

  • Logical

  • Assignment

  • Membership

  • Identity

Real-Time Usage:

  • Filtering records

  • Validation logic

  • Conditional processing


SECTION 2 – CONDITIONALS AND LOOPS

Topics:

  • if

  • elif

  • else

  • for loop

  • while loop

  • break

  • continue

  • pass


CONDITIONALS

Purpose:
Decision making.

Practice:

  • Salary eligibility

  • Data validation

  • Null checks

  • Threshold checks


LOOPS

Purpose:
Process repetitive tasks.

Real-Time Usage:

  • Processing files

  • Reading records

  • ETL row processing

  • API pagination

Practice:

  • Print patterns

  • Iterate over files

  • Process transactions


SECTION 3 – COLLECTIONS

Topics:

  • Lists

  • Tuples

  • Dictionaries

  • Sets

  • Arrays


LISTS

Most important collection type.

Topics:

  • Append

  • Insert

  • Remove

  • Pop

  • Sort

  • Reverse

  • Slicing

  • Nested lists

Real-Time Usage:

  • Store records

  • File processing

  • Batch processing

  • Data transformations

Practice:

  • Remove duplicates

  • Sort salaries

  • Filter transactions

  • Merge lists


TUPLES

Purpose:
Immutable collections.

Use Cases:

  • Coordinates

  • Fixed configurations

  • Lookup keys


DICTIONARIES

Critical for Data Engineering.

Topics:

  • Keys

  • Values

  • Nested dictionaries

  • Dictionary methods

Real-Time Usage:

  • JSON processing

  • API responses

  • Configuration handling

  • Metadata storage

Practice:

  • Employee mapping

  • JSON parsing

  • Aggregation logic


SETS

Purpose:
Unique values.

Use Cases:

  • Deduplication

  • Fast lookups

  • Comparing datasets

Practice:

  • Remove duplicates

  • Compare customer lists


ARRAYS

Learn:

  • Python array module

  • NumPy basics

Real-Time Usage:

  • Numerical processing

  • Data science integration


SECTION 4 – FUNCTIONS

Topics:

  • Functions

  • Arguments

  • Return values

  • Default arguments

  • Keyword arguments

  • Lambda functions

  • Built-in functions

  • User Defined Functions (UDFs)


FUNCTIONS

Purpose:
Reusable logic.

Practice:

  • Salary calculation

  • Tax calculation

  • Validation functions

  • File utilities


DEFAULT ARGUMENTS

Purpose:
Optional parameter handling.

Real-Time Usage:

  • ETL configurations

  • Logging utilities

  • File processing defaults


BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS

Important Functions:

  • len()

  • sum()

  • min()

  • max()

  • sorted()

  • type()

  • range()

  • zip()

  • map()

  • filter()

  • enumerate()

Practice:

  • Aggregation logic

  • Sorting logic

  • Filtering logic


LAMBDA FUNCTIONS

Purpose:
Short reusable logic.

Real-Time Usage:

  • Sorting

  • Filtering

  • Transformations


UDFS (USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS)

Critical for Data Engineering.

Practice:

  • Data cleaning

  • Null handling

  • Standardization

  • Transformation logic


SECTION 5 – STRING HANDLING

Topics:

  • String methods

  • Split

  • Join

  • Replace

  • Strip

  • Find

  • Formatting

  • Regex basics


Real-Time Usage

  • Data cleaning

  • File parsing

  • Log processing

  • CSV transformations

  • JSON formatting

Practice:

  • Extract domains from emails

  • Parse log files

  • Clean messy text


SECTION 6 – FILE HANDLING

Topics:

  • Reading files

  • Writing files

  • CSV handling

  • JSON handling

  • File paths

  • Context managers


CSV PROCESSING

Critical for Data Engineering.

Practice:

  • Read CSV

  • Write CSV

  • Filter rows

  • Aggregate data

  • Validate columns


JSON PROCESSING

Most important for APIs.

Topics:

  • json.loads

  • json.dumps

  • Nested JSON

Practice:

  • Parse API responses

  • Flatten JSON

  • Convert JSON to dictionaries


CONTEXT MANAGERS

Topics:

  • with open()

Purpose:
Automatic resource management.


SECTION 7 – ERROR HANDLING

Topics:

  • try

  • except

  • finally

  • raise

  • custom exceptions


Real-Time Usage

  • File failures

  • API failures

  • Database failures

  • Invalid data

  • Missing columns

Practice:

  • Handle missing files

  • Handle divide-by-zero

  • Handle invalid JSON


SECTION 8 – OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING (OOP)

Topics:

  • Classes

  • Objects

  • Constructors

  • Instance variables

  • Methods

  • Inheritance

  • Encapsulation

  • Polymorphism


CLASSES

Purpose:
Reusable object-based design.

Real-Time Usage:

  • ETL pipelines

  • Utility frameworks

  • Database connectors

  • Logging utilities

Practice:

  • Employee class

  • Transaction processor

  • File reader utility


INHERITANCE

Purpose:
Code reusability.

Real-Time Usage:

  • Base ETL class

  • Child pipeline classes


SECTION 9 – DATA STRUCTURES

Topics:

  • Linked Lists

  • Stacks

  • Queues

  • Searching

  • Sorting


LINKED LISTS

Purpose:
Understand memory structures.

Interview Importance:
High for logical thinking.

Practice:

  • Insert node

  • Delete node

  • Reverse linked list


STACKS

Use Cases:

  • Undo operations

  • Parsing

  • Backtracking


QUEUES

Use Cases:

  • ETL processing

  • Streaming pipelines

  • Scheduling


SORTING ALGORITHMS

Topics:

  • Bubble sort

  • Merge sort

  • Quick sort

Purpose:
Improve logical thinking.


SECTION 10 – LIST COMPREHENSIONS

Topics:

  • List comprehensions

  • Dictionary comprehensions

  • Set comprehensions


Real-Time Usage

  • Fast transformations

  • Filtering datasets

  • ETL processing

Practice:

  • Filter active employees

  • Extract failed records

  • Transform datasets


SECTION 11 – PYTHON FOR DATA ENGINEERING

Topics:

  • CSV Processing

  • JSON Processing

  • Logging

  • Config Files

  • APIs

  • Database Connections

  • ETL Pipelines


DATABASE CONNECTIVITY

Learn:

  • pyodbc

  • sqlalchemy

Practice:

  • Connect to SQL Server

  • Read data

  • Insert records

  • Execute stored procedures


LOGGING

Topics:

  • logging module

Purpose:
Production debugging.

Practice:

  • Error logs

  • Audit logs

  • ETL logs


CONFIG FILES

Learn:

  • JSON configs

  • Environment variables

Purpose:
Reusable ETL development.


SECTION 12 – MID-LEVEL PROJECTS

These projects build:

  • Logical thinking

  • Reusability mindset

  • Real-time engineering understanding

  • Interview confidence


PROJECT 1 – EMPLOYEE DATA PROCESSOR

Requirements:

  • Read employee CSV

  • Clean invalid records

  • Remove duplicates

  • Generate department reports

  • Export processed CSV

Concepts Used:

  • CSV

  • Functions

  • Loops

  • Error handling

  • Dictionaries


PROJECT 2 – SALES REPORT GENERATOR

Requirements:

  • Read sales data

  • Calculate monthly revenue

  • Find top customers

  • Generate summary report

Concepts Used:

  • Aggregations

  • Sorting

  • File handling

  • Functions


PROJECT 3 – API JSON PROCESSOR

Requirements:

  • Read API JSON response

  • Flatten nested JSON

  • Validate fields

  • Export CSV

Concepts Used:

  • JSON

  • Dictionaries

  • Exception handling

  • List comprehensions


PROJECT 4 – ETL PIPELINE SIMULATION

Requirements:

  • Read source CSV

  • Apply transformations

  • Validate data

  • Insert into SQL Server

  • Generate logs

Concepts Used:

  • Database connectivity

  • Logging

  • Functions

  • Classes

  • Error handling


PROJECT 5 – CALL CENTER ANALYTICS

Requirements:

  • Process call records

  • Find SLA violations

  • Generate agent performance metrics

  • Create escalation reports

Concepts Used:

  • Lists

  • Dictionaries

  • Aggregations

  • Reporting logic


SECTION 13 – PYTHON INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

BASIC QUESTIONS

  1. Difference between list and tuple.

  2. Difference between set and dictionary.

  3. Mutable vs immutable.

  4. Difference between append and extend.

  5. Difference between remove and pop.

  6. Difference between deep copy and shallow copy.

  7. Explain Python memory management.

  8. Difference between == and is.

  9. Explain list comprehensions.

  10. Explain lambda functions.


INTERMEDIATE QUESTIONS

  1. Reverse a string.

  2. Find duplicate elements.

  3. Count word frequency.

  4. Find second highest number.

  5. Merge two dictionaries.

  6. Flatten nested lists.

  7. Remove duplicates while maintaining order.

  8. Sort dictionary by values.

  9. Find missing numbers.

  10. Implement queue using list.


ADVANCED QUESTIONS

  1. Build mini ETL pipeline.

  2. Process large CSV efficiently.

  3. Parse nested JSON.

  4. Build reusable logger.

  5. Handle millions of records.

  6. Optimize memory usage.

  7. Explain generators.

  8. Explain iterators.

  9. Explain decorators.

  10. Explain multithreading basics.


SECTION 14 – 15-DAY EXECUTION PLAN

WEEK 1 – PYTHON FOUNDATION

Day 1

  • Variables

  • Data Types

  • Operators

  • Type Casting

Practice:
40 Problems


Day 2

  • Conditionals

  • Loops

  • Break

  • Continue

Practice:
50 Problems


Day 3

  • Lists

  • Tuples

  • Sets

Practice:
50 Problems


Day 4

  • Dictionaries

  • Nested dictionaries

  • Dictionary methods

Practice:
40 Problems


Day 5

  • Functions

  • Built-in functions

  • Lambda functions

Practice:
40 Problems


Day 6

  • String handling

  • Regex basics

Practice:
40 Problems


Day 7

  • File handling

  • CSV

  • JSON

Practice:
Mini Project


WEEK 2 – INTERMEDIATE + REAL-TIME PYTHON

Day 8

  • Error handling

  • Logging


Day 9

  • Classes

  • Objects

  • Inheritance


Day 10

  • Linked Lists

  • Stacks

  • Queues


Day 11

  • List comprehensions

  • Dictionary comprehensions


Day 12

  • Database connectivity

  • SQL integration


Day 13

  • ETL coding patterns

  • Config files

  • Utility functions


Day 14

  • Mid-level projects


Day 15
FINAL MOCK INTERVIEW + REVISION


SECTION 15 – REAL-TIME PYTHON STRUCTURE FOR DATA ENGINEERING

Typical Project Structure:

project/

├── config/
│ └── config.json

├── logs/
│ └── app.log

├── src/
│ ├── extract.py
│ ├── transform.py
│ ├── load.py
│ ├── validations.py
│ ├── db_connection.py
│ └── utils.py

├── data/
│ ├── input/
│ └── output/

├── tests/
│ └── test_pipeline.py

└── main.py


REAL-TIME ENGINEERING BEST PRACTICES

Always Follow:

  • Write modular code

  • Avoid hardcoding

  • Use logging

  • Handle exceptions properly

  • Validate inputs

  • Use reusable functions

  • Use configuration files

  • Write readable code

  • Use meaningful variable names

  • Optimize loops


MOST IMPORTANT SKILLS FOR DATA ENGINEERS

You must become strong in:

  • File processing

  • JSON handling

  • SQL integration

  • ETL logic

  • Data validation

  • Exception handling

  • Reusable utilities

  • Modular coding

  • Logical problem solving

  • Performance thinking


FINAL INTERVIEW EXPECTATIONS

At 4–10 years experience, interviewers expect:

  • Strong logical thinking

  • Clean coding practices

  • Real-time debugging ability

  • Reusable utility development

  • ETL understanding

  • SQL + Python integration

  • Production mindset

  • Problem-solving ability

They do NOT expect only syntax memorization.

They expect:

  • Engineering thinking

  • Real-time coding capability

  • Debugging mindset

  • Optimization mindset

  • Scalable development understanding


END OF DOCUMENT

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